Goldcrest

The local breeding population is smaller than the 2% of the national population (estimated at 1,000–5,000 pairs). The conservation status of the local population, which is not isolated within its wider distribution range, is considered good. It can be observed more often during migration, when it is found both in deciduous and mixed forests, as well as in shrubs and groups of trees and shrubs, even within the settlements of the study area.

The smallest bird of Europe. Light green upperparts, off-white underparts, with a short neck and a large head that give it a cute round look. Dark eye, looking big on light-colored face. Crown with a characteristic golden-yellow line, with an orange center in males, surrounded by a black border. The crown is particularly conspicuous and striking in display, when the wings are inflated. Its golden crown and tiny size led to its designation as the “king of birds”, which is reflected in its common and scientific name. According to Aristotle, the legend has it that it won this title in a competition where the king of birds would be the one who would fly higher. The eagle was the undisputed favorite, but when he got tired, a small bird that was hidden in its wings continued to fly higher… Energetic, it moves constantly, usually fluttering between the branches high in the trees.

Permanent resident of the area, most common in winter. It breeds mainly in coniferous forests at high altitudes. Observed lower in winter, often in mixed flocks with tits. Apart from the breeding season, it also uses deciduous forests, shrublands and open areas. Its nest is a small well-insulated cup, attached to thin branches, not too high in the tree. They usually raise two broods each year, with the male making a second nest. It feeds on insects such as flies, aphids, spiders and caterpillars, which it catches in the air. It will occasionally feed on the ground, looking for insects among the fallen leaves, along with tits.

The main threat for the species is the adverse weather conditions during the winter, which if prolonged for long periods can significantly reduce its populations, although temporarily, as the species recovers rapidly in numbers.

Least Concern.

Protected under the Bern (Appendix II) and Bonn Conventions (Appendix II). Listed as Least Concern in Greece and in Europe, by the Greek Red Data Book and the IUCN correspondingly. Not included in a SPEC category (European species of conservation concern) by BirdLife International. Also assigned to SPEC2 category (European species of conservation concern) by BirdLife International.